Arlene is an early-20th-century American name — possibly the feminine of Arlen (Irish, "pledge, oath") or a variant of Charlene / Marlene.
Arlene does not currently appear in the US Social Security Administration's top 1,000 girls' names, so we don't publish a US rank or birth count for it. That says nothing about the name's standing elsewhere in the world — only that it sits outside the ranked US data we rely on.
In Pythagorean numerology the letters of Arlene reduce to 1, The Leader. This is a traditional interpretive system, not a factual claim about the name.