Flower-naming for daughters is close to a human universal, and the interesting question is not whether a tradition does it but which flowers it chooses.
The vocabulary itself is various. Greek ánthos gives the -anthe and -anthi endings across Greek naming. Latin flōs, stem flōr-, spread through the Romance languages and into English as Flora and Florence. Sanskrit puṣpa and kusuma run through Indian naming, and Arabic zahra — blossom, and also brightness, the two senses sitting close together — is among the most widely used elements in the Muslim world.
Persian gul covers flowers and roses together, and its compounds are treated in more detail on the rose page.
What varies is the flora. Jasmine names dominate in South Asia and the Arab world, where the plant is grown for scent and used at weddings. Lotus names — Sanskrit padma, and its equivalents through Buddhist Asia — carry a religious weight no European flower name does, since the lotus is an image of purity emerging from muddy water and an attribute of several deities. Cherry blossom names in Japan are about transience specifically, the flower being valued for how briefly it lasts. Sunflower and marigold names in Mexico and the Andes belong to plants Europe had never seen before the sixteenth century.
So the shared impulse is nearly universal, and almost none of the specific choices are.
The same root, across a whole language family
These are attested shared morphemes — not coincidences of spelling. Where we are not confident a root is shared, we say nothing and simply list the names.