There is a fact on this page worth pausing over. Hebrew shalom and Arabic salām are the same word.
Both descend from a Proto-Semitic root reconstructed as š-l-m, carrying a sense of wholeness, soundness and completion — from which peace follows as the state in which nothing is broken. Hebrew names built on it and Arabic names built on it are cousins in the strict linguistic sense, inherited from a shared ancestor rather than borrowed from one another. Two traditions that have spent much of recorded history in conflict greet each other, every day, with the same word.
The Slavic languages went a different way with an interesting result. The element mir means peace — and it also means world. The two senses have coexisted for centuries, and while scholars differ on exactly how they converged, the effect on naming is real: a Slavic name in -mir or -mira can be read either way, and both readings are legitimate.
Germanic contributes frid-, seen in the older Norse and German names, from a root connected to friendship and protection rather than to the absence of war — peace as something actively kept, not merely a lull. Latin pax carries a similar undertone: its root is connected to fastening or binding, which is to say that peace is an agreement holding two things together.
Sanskrit śānti comes at it from another direction entirely, meaning tranquillity or stillness, the settling of the mind rather than a treaty between parties. It is the word repeated three times to close a Vedic recitation.
Four traditions, four different theories of what peace actually is: wholeness, world, a bond kept, and quiet.
The same root, across a whole language family
These are attested shared morphemes — not coincidences of spelling. Where we are not confident a root is shared, we say nothing and simply list the names.